Processor Choose Ways
While the processor will receive from what manufacturer, which is whether to select the model,
you must decide what you want the speed and processor package.
Learn the minimum system requirements of the software you are considering; The minimum processor speed,
will help you determine the property. Alone, the computer's performance
is not only dependent on the processor, create computer
If you gamers or graphics processing intensive programs you are using a high-speed processor, HT software is suitable to choose a dual-core processor.
Just writing a letter on your computer, you do not need to look for breakthroughs in high-speed processor is going to use for purposes such as surfing the internet.
HT will be used for the program, and 3DNow supports technologies such as multi-processor 64-bit, choose your programs will provide the processor with this technology run faster.
HT will be used for the program, and 3DNow supports technologies such as multi-processor 64-bit, choose your programs will provide the processor with this technology run faster.
Choosing the appropriate Mainboard
The main card must be compatible with the processor. The market in recent years, many computer company Intel and AMD motherboards due to the dominance of the processor AMD compatible motherboards / Intel compatible motherboards are classified. Motherboards technical information booklet on the main board is located. Usually when you buy motherboards motherboard with the motherboard manual is given to you.
Benchmarking
A measurement of the quality of an organization's policies, products, programs, strategies, etc., and their comparison with standard measurements, or similar measurements of its peers.
+ Identify opportunities
+ Set realistic but aggressive goals
+ Challenge internal paradigms on what is possible
+ Understand methods for improved processes
+ Uncover strengths within your organization
+ Learn from the leaders’ experiences
+ Better prioritize and allocate resources
Why Do Companies Benchmark?
Companies use benchmarking as a way to help become more competitive. By looking at how other companies are doing, they can identify areas where they are underperforming. Companies are also able to identify ways that can improve their own operations without having to recreate the wheel. They are able to accelerate the process of change because they have models from other companies in their industry to help guide their changes.
When You Shouldn’t Benchmark
• You aren’t targeting a process or it isn’t critical to the business • You don’t know what your customers require from your process • Key stakeholders aren’t involved in the benchmarking project • Inadequate resources have been committed • You have an unreasonable fear of sharing information with benchmarking partners • There are no up-front plans for implementing your findings • You haven’t done your “homework” before contacting benchmarking partners • You’re benchmarking an organization rather than a process • There is a strong resistance to change (NIH syndrome) • When you are expecting results instantaneously
Profits Benchmarking
A company that uses benchmarking to improve its functions, operations, products and services may enjoy increases in sales and profits. Customers are likely to notice these improvements. The benchmarking company may also promote is improvements through company brochures, its sales reps, magazine and television ads. These efforts are likely to increase sales, especially among core customers. Companies that operate more efficiently due to benchmarking can drastically lower their expenses. These savings can be lead to greater profits.
What computer to Buy?
How to choose the best desktop PC for you? Well, you might wonder how much RAM you'll need, for instance, which processor to choose or which graphics cardto pick, what display to look for, which hard drive will be best for you - there are so many issues that it's difficult to know where to begin.
1. Desktop or Laptop?
2.Know the processor and what it means
3. RAM isn’t just a type of goat
4. Hard drives aren’t hard choices
5. Check your peripherals
6. Mac OS, Windows, and Linux, oh my!
7. There’s more to graphics than a sticker on your computer
8. Oh, so you want to get into PC gaming?
Bios
Short for Basic Input/Output System, the BIOS, ROM BIOS, or System BIOS is a chip located on all motherboards that contain instructions and setup for how your system should boot and how it operates.
- Bootstrap Loader - Locate the operating system. If a capable operating system is located, the BIOS will pass control to it.
- POST - Test the computer hardware and make sure no errors exist before loading the operating system. Additional information on the POST can be found on our POST and Beep Codes page.
- BIOS or CMOS Setup - Configuration program that allows you to configure hardware settings including system settings such as computer passwords, time, and date.
- BIOS drivers - Low level drivers that give the computer basic operational control over your computer's hardware.
Computer POST and beep codes
The computer power-on self-test (POST) tests the computer to make sure it meets the necessary system requirements and that all hardware is working properly before starting the remainder of the boot process. If the computer passes the POST, the computer gives a single beep (with some computer BIOS manufacturers it may beep twice) as it starts up and will continue to start normally. However, if the computer fails the POST, the computer will either not beep at all or will generate a beep code, which tells the user the source of the problem.
MotherBoards
Types
1. XT Anakartlar İlk kişisel bilgisayarlarda kullanılan anakartlardır. 8086 veya 8088 mikroişlemcileri üzerinde sabit olarak taşıyan bu ana kartın ek donanım birimi sadece 8 bit olmalıdır. 2. AT Anakart Anakart üreticileri yıllarca IBM uyumlu anakartlar ürettiler. Bu standartların başında gelen AT modeli 1982’den itibaren kullanılmaktadır.Günümüzde kullanımını ATX anakartlara bırakmış eski nesil anakart çeşitlerindendir. AT anakartlar çeşitli boyutlarda olabilmektedir. AT anakartların
Chipset
South Bridge
A southbridge chipset handles all of a computer's I/O functions, such as USB, audio, serial, the system BIOS, the ISA bus, the interrupt controller and the IDE channels.
Nourth Bridge
The northbridge typically handles communications among the CPU, in some cases RAM, and PCI Express (or AGP) video cards,
Booting
Alternatively referred to as boot up, booting is the process of powering on a computer and getting into the operating system. During the boot process, the computer will perform a self-diagnostic, also known as a POST and load necessary drivers and programs that help the computer and devices communicate. As your computer is booting
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Dual Independent Bus (DIB)
The Dual Independent Bus (DIB) architecture – first implemented in the Pentium Pro processor – was created to aid processor bus bandwidth. Having two (dual) independent buses enables the Pentium II processor to access data from either of its buses simultaneously and in parallel, rather than in a singular sequential manner as in a single bus system.
The DIB architecture allows the processor to use both buses simultaneously, and also confers other advantages
NetBurst
NetBurst is the name Intel gave to the new architecture that succeeded its P6 microarchitecture. The concept behind NetBurst was to improve the throughput, improve the efficiency of the out-of-order execution engine, and to create a processor that can reach much higher frequencies with higher performance relative to the P5 and P6 microarchitectures, while maintaining backward compatibility.The NetBurst microarchitecture has only one decoder
advantages:•Reworked micro-architecture for high-bandwidth applications
Out-of-order execution
In computer engineering, out-of-order execution (or more formally dynamic execution), is a paradigm used in most high-performance microprocessors to make use ofinstruction cycles that would otherwise be wasted by a certain type of costly delay. In this paradigm, a processor executes instructions in an order governed by the availability of input data, rather than by their original order in a program.[1] In doing so, the processor can avoid being idle while waiting for the preceding instruction to complete to retrieve data for the next instruction in a program, processing instead the next instructions which are able to run immediately and independently.[2] It can be viewed as a hardware baseddynamic recompilation or just-in-time compilation (JIT) to improve instruction scheduling
Threads
PCs hold many programs in memory at the same time. For traditional application programs, each constitutes one task. More modern programs, however, can consist of multiple tasks, called threads, all of which are independent of one another. For example, a Web browser program may have three tabs open, displaying different sites. Each tab has its own thread in memory, so downloads and other prolonged activities in one tab can continue working while you use another.
HyperThreading
Hyper-Threading Technology (Intel® HT Technology)1 uses processor resources more efficiently, enabling multiple threads to run on each core. As a performance feature, it also increases processor throughput, improving overall performance on threaded software.
you can:
- Run demanding applications simultaneously while maintaining system responsiveness
- Keep systems protected, efficient, and manageable while minimizing impact on productivity
- Provide headroom for future business growth and new solution capabilities
More tasks, more efficient business
This isn’t a trick. Intel has designed the architecture of the chip to handle multiple threads in much the same way that a multi-core CPU can. Essentially, what Intel has done is duplicate highly used portions of the CPU core and allowed these sections to be used by separate threads simultaneously. Because these sections of the core separate (they are on the same die, but utilize different parts of that die) the threads do not interfere with each other. These hyper-threading capable cores are not exactly the same as multi-cores; not just any thread can be executed simultaneously with another thread, it has to use a separate part of the core for it’s operations.
Disadvantages
power consumption is not wanted.
Cache
difference between hyper-threading multi-threading and super-threading in computer processors?
Hyperthreading is Intel's implementation of simultaneous multithreading.
Hyper threading is a more advanced form of super threading. In hyper threading certain sections of the CPU are duplicated, so that the processor can appear, to the operating system, to be two logical processors. The operating system can then scheduels two threads or processes to run simultaniously.
Superthreading: the processor runs instructions from a different thread each cycle so that cycles that aren't used by another htread can be used by another thread that is ready to run.
multithreading: allows multiple threads to exist within the context of a single process, sharing the process resources but able to execute independently. It can allow a single process, to be executed in parralal in multi CPU system.
Hyper threading is a more advanced form of super threading. In hyper threading certain sections of the CPU are duplicated, so that the processor can appear, to the operating system, to be two logical processors. The operating system can then scheduels two threads or processes to run simultaniously.
Superthreading: the processor runs instructions from a different thread each cycle so that cycles that aren't used by another htread can be used by another thread that is ready to run.
multithreading: allows multiple threads to exist within the context of a single process, sharing the process resources but able to execute independently. It can allow a single process, to be executed in parralal in multi CPU system.
